{"id":27624,"date":"2022-05-21T11:16:48","date_gmt":"2022-05-21T11:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/?p=27624"},"modified":"2025-05-28T20:48:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T20:48:15","slug":"what-is-malware-and-how-can-you-prevent-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/what-is-malware-and-how-can-you-prevent-it\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Malware and How Can You Prevent it?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/threatresearch.ext.hp.com\/malware-campaigns-targeting-african-banking-sector\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">African banking sector<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> became a target of a<\/span><b> recent malware attack in 2022<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The hackers used HTML smuggling to conceal malicious files in fake job emails. The campaign was tracked down when an employee of an undisclosed African bank received a similar email redirecting to an illegitimate website.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imagine if the attempted cyberattack was successful. It could\u2019ve destroyed the entire African banking industry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cybercrimes like these often incorporate <\/span><b>malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">what is malware, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and how can you prevent it?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Read on to discover the <\/span><b>malware definition<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, objectives, types, and detection and prevention measures.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is Malware, and What are its Objectives?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Malware <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is an umbrella term for any type of<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2018malicious software.\u2019 It\u2019s solely created to access, exploit, or harm devices, networks, or systems.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, <\/span><b>what is a malware attack?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A malware attack is a type of cyberattack where cybercriminals use<\/span><b> malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to achieve nefarious goals. They typically steal any data they can exploit, like passwords, personally identifiable information, financial records, and other critical files.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hackers conducting <\/span><b>malicious software attacks <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">intend to access computers, servers, networks, or infrastructure without end-users awareness. Like most <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/12-types-of-phishing-attacks-and-how-to-identify-them\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">common types of cyberattacks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, criminals execute <\/span><b>malware attacks <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">with one ultimate goal: To make money.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some common objectives of using <\/span><b>malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Exfiltration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The process of extracting data from an organization\u2019s or individual\u2019s device or computer without permission.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Operation Disruption<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Where an attacker directs all efforts toward disrupting the target\u2019s operations. For example, threat actors can use <\/span><b>malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to carry out large-scale DDoS attacks, corrupt a specific computer, or cause a system to self-destruct.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ransom Demand<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A common objective where attackers directly extort money from targets using various <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">types of malware<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You\u2019ll be surprised to know that some big IT firms have purchased cryptocurrencies as a preventative measure against ransomware.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Malware Attack Types<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that you know more about <\/span><b>malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, its <\/span><b>definition,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and objectives, let\u2019s discuss some common <\/span><b>malware attack<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> types. Before we dive in, it\u2019s a good idea to familiarize yourself with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/ransomware-vs-malware-vs-phishing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ransomware vs. Malware vs. Phishing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to understand the fundamental differences.<\/span><br \/>\n<b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Virus<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Once it infects a computer, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">virus malware<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> replicates itself by altering and infecting other files with malicious code\u2014\u00a0 which is very hard to remove.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Worm<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Worm malware moves from one system to another when infected files are shared and can quickly infect entire networks.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Trojan<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: This malicious software disguises itself as a genuine program making it hard to detect. It carries codes and instructions that appear legitimate and typically open entry for other malware types.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>HTML smuggling<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Where attackers deploy viruses, ransomware, or <a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/what-is-a-trojan-and-how-does-it-work\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trojan malware<\/a> and other malicious scripts via an HTML file attachment inadvertently opened by the target.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Hybrid malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hybrid malware<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is designed with two or more malware types. For example, a bot may enter a system as a trojan and change into a worm virus after execution. Usually, these attacks are smaller elements of a large-scale cyberattack.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Adware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Adware stands for advertisement-supported software. The aggressive and unwanted pop-up ads you see on the internet are adware.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Malvertising<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Where attackers use genuine ads to carry malware to a target\u2019s device.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>SEO spam Malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Malicious software that exploits a website\u2019s good SEO reputation and modifies or creates web pages to target victims and spread malicious links. Knowing how to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protect your site from SEO spam malware<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is therefore crucial.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Spyware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Malware is designed to infect a machine and spy on unsuspecting end-users by recording and stealing credentials, browsing search history, keystrokes, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/ransomware-attacks-a-complete-guide\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Ransomware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Where hackers use ransom malware to infect a computer or device and encrypt crucial data. They hold decryption keys until the victim pays a ransom. Usually, they target major enterprises and government organizations to demand a handsome amount. In 2021, a total of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">$1.85 million<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was transferred to ransomware attackers.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Scareware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A tactic typically using pop-up ads, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/phishing-attacks-recognize-and-avoid-email-phishing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>phishing attacks<\/b><\/a>, <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or other <\/span><b>malware <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to scare people into visiting malicious websites and downloading infected links.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Malware bots<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Malware bots are usually programmed to gain control over a device, send spam, access user accounts, and execute other harmful actions. Bot networks typically disguise this kind of attack traffic.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fileless malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Where a hacker uses legitimate programs to attack a system with malware. This is done without relying on a file, and therefore no footprint is detected.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>How to Identify Malware<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can look for the following indications to identify whether your system is infected with <\/span><b>malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Slow computer<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Malware can overwhelm your system by engaging a lot of memory. This disrupts the normal functioning of the CPU and makes a device sluggish and inoperable. Install a credible antivirus program to <\/span><b>prevent malware attacks <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/how-to-protect-your-devices-from-cyber-attacks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">protect your device from cyberattacks<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Browser redirects<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: At times, websites redirect to non-malicious sources. But if your browser frequently redirects you to malicious websites, there could be an issue. In this case, delete all the extensions and re-install your browser.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Infection warnings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Scareware is created and distributed to solicit money from victims. Hackers mostly use drive-by downloads to deploy such malware and send scary warnings.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Issues with turning your computer off and on<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0If your computer shows unusual screens and messages while turning it off and on, it might be targeted by hackers to perform malicious activities.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Frequent pop-up ads<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Adware, one of the <\/span><b>most used malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> types, works through pop-up ads. These fake ads carry malware links that infect your computer. At times, pop-up ads can be legitimate, but they still net an affiliated fee on every click.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>How to Prevent Malware<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Knowing <\/span><b>how to prevent malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> safeguards your devices and protects your sensitive information. Here are some effective measures you can take::<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Use antivirus software<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <a href=\"https:\/\/buyersguide.org\/Antivirus-Software\/t\/best\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Installing credible antivirus software<\/a> will regularly scan your computer to catch and eliminate numerous malware types. It\u2019ll also get automatically updated for better security against newly created viruses.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implement endpoint detection and response<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Endpoint detection and response (EDR) is also termed endpoint threat detection and response. It works by combining continuous real-time monitoring and endpoint data gathering. The data is then assessed to identify threat patterns.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Patch your applications and OS regularly<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: With patching, all software and operating systems are updated to eliminate vulnerabilities. This ensures hackers can\u2019t exploit any susceptible element.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implement access controls (least privilege and just-in-time access)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Access control is an efficient technique to <\/span><b>prevent malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by regulating who can view and access a system or files. With the least privilege, users are only given the information required to complete their tasks. In just-in-time access, users only get access for a limited time.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Implement application graylisting on user endpoints<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A graylist contains email addresses and domain names that a spam filter can use. This helps in filtering spam emails from legitimate ones. It temporarily blocks or implements limits on whatever is added to the list before manual checking.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Apply application allow listing on servers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: On the other hand, the allow listing method blocks servers not appearing on a specific list.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Backup data frequently and automatically<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Backing up your data protects you against <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/ransomware-to-pay-or-not-to-pay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ransomware<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/easydmarc.com\/blog\/6-best-data-loss-prevention-strategies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">data loss<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This way, you can restore the backup file. Remember, there\u2019s no guarantee a criminal will give you the decryption key after you pay the ransom. Restoration is quicker, cheaper, and completely reliable. Only restore data from clean backups.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>How to Get Rid of Malware<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So far, we\u2019ve covered the <\/span><b>malware definition <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><b>how to prevent malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Let\u2019s look at ways to get rid of malware now.\u00a0<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Disconnect from the internet<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Staying offline prevents hackers from obtaining data from your device. Disconnect from the internet if you\u2019re concerned about a malware infection.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enter safe mode<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Safe mode allows your computer to only run required software after an attack. So, if malware tends to load automatically, safe mode will block that.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Check your activity monitor for malicious applications<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: If you know an application is malicious, close it immediately. Check the activity monitor and see the applications working the hardest. Once detected, delete them without any delay.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Run a malware scanner<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Malware<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> scanners can help eliminate maximum standard infections. You can download them from a trusted source to identify emerging malware, including ransomware and viruses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fix your browser\u2019s homepage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>Malware <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">often modifies your homepage. Go to your browser\u2019s settings and verify the default homepage.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Clear your cache<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Cache is a temporary storage location so that your browser doesn\u2019t re-download the same link. Once you\u2019ve verified the homepage settings, clear your browser\u2019s cache history to stop further damage.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Remove suspicious apps and extensions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Delete apps and extensions that may be responsible for malware attacks. If you observe an attack initiated around the same time you downloaded a new app or added an extension, delete it immediately.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>What to Do if Malware Persists?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If malware persists, you have no way to get rid of it other than reinstalling your operating system, applications, software, and browser. Backup your important files to an external drive first, though.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Why isn\u2019t There a Definitive Solution to Malware?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It isn\u2019t easy to get rid of malware because the traces of such malicious software aren\u2019t always detected. Hackers design it in a way that it\u2019s impossible or difficult to remove encrypted codes. Moreover, they don\u2019t provide an uninstaller that would know where all the removable parts are.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In April 2022, the U.S. government warned that threat actors have designed tools that can <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hijack industrial devices<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These tools allow them to scan and modify files and software. Such <\/span><b>malware <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is difficult to detect with automated exploits that leave no footprints.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Final Thoughts<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Malicious software attacks <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">or <\/span><b>malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> take distinct forms and cause harm in various ways. But if organizations are prepared with preventive measures like installing an antivirus, graylisting, and allow listing, they can mitigate such threats.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another helpful way to <\/span><b>prevent malware attacks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is regularly backing up all important and sensitive data on an external drive or another safer place.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The African banking sector became a target of &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32734,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[204,290,199,296],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-cyberattacks-cyberthreats","category-cybersecurity","category-malware"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is Malware and How Can You Prevent it? | EasyDMARC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Malware helps hackers enter the targeted system. 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Common malware are viruses, trojans, and adware. 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