What is Business Email Compromise

Business Email Compromise (BEC) is a type of cyberattack where criminals use fraudulent or spoofed emails to trick organizations into transferring money or sharing sensitive data. In most cases, attackers impersonate executives, vendors, or trusted partners to gain credibility and pressure employees into taking quick action.

The business email compromise definition highlights that these attacks rely on social engineering rather than malware, making them harder to detect. To defend against them, organizations often use tools like a Phishing link checker along with strong email authentication measures. Because of their financial and reputational impact, BEC has become one of the most costly forms of email fraud worldwide.

How Business Email Compromise Works

Business email compromise attacks usually start with attackers researching their target organization. They gather details about executives, vendors, or employees through public sources, social media, or previous data breaches. Using this information, they craft emails that look legitimate and often mimic the writing style of trusted contacts.

Once the spoofed or compromised email account is used, attackers may request urgent wire transfers, payroll changes, or sensitive company data. Unlike traditional phishing, BEC relies more heavily on social engineering and trust rather than malicious links or attachments. This makes detection challenging without proper safeguards like email authentication protocols and employee awareness training.

Business Email Compromise Examples and Risks

Business email compromise can appear in different forms, but all rely on deception and trust. Attackers impersonate legitimate contacts to manipulate employees into sending money or sensitive data.

Common Types of BEC Attacks:

CEO Fraud: Attackers impersonate executives to pressure employees into sending urgent wire transfers.

Vendor or Supplier Impersonation: Criminals pose as trusted partners or suppliers to trick organizations into changing payment details.

Payroll Diversion: Fraudulent emails request changes to employee payroll accounts, redirecting salaries to attacker-controlled accounts.

Key Risks of BEC:

Financial Losses: Direct theft through fraudulent transfers or diverted payments.

Data Exposure: Access to confidential company or customer information.

Reputational Damage: Loss of trust with customers, partners, and employees after a successful attack.

How to Prevent Business Email Compromise

Preventing business email compromise requires both technical defenses and employee awareness. Organizations should train staff to recognize unusual requests, verify payment or account changes through a second channel, and remain cautious of urgent emails that pressure immediate action.

From a technical standpoint, implementing email authentication protocols such as SPF, DKIM, and DMARC helps block spoofed emails before they reach inboxes. Regularly monitoring your domain with a domain health checker ensures that these records are configured correctly and remain up to date. Additional tools like link checkers and secure email gateways further reduce the risk of falling victim to BEC attacks.